Unadjusted | Adjusted | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | OR1 | 95% CI1 | p-value | OR1 | 95% CI1 | p-value |
Sex | ||||||
Male | — | — | — | — | ||
Female | 0.89 | 0.68, 1.14 | 0.36 | 1.04 | 0.79, 1.36 | 0.8 |
Age (years) | ||||||
Older adolescents (15–19) | — | — | — | — | ||
Young adults (20–24) | 1.88 | 1.03, 3.60 | 0.046 | 1.87 | 0.98, 3.57 | 0.058 |
Adults (25–59) | 1.40 | 0.84, 2.51 | 0.23 | 1.25 | 0.71, 2.20 | 0.4 |
Older adults (60–100) | 2.47 | 1.48, 4.46 | 0.001 | 1.76 | 0.99, 3.14 | 0.055 |
Intubation | ||||||
None | — | — | — | — | ||
Pre-hospital | 1.43 | 0.75, 2.51 | 0.24 | 0.93 | 0.41, 2.09 | 0.9 |
Emergency department | 2.72 | 1.89, 3.83 | < 0.001 | 1.07 | 0.66, 1.74 | 0.8 |
Highest hospital care level | ||||||
Emergency Department | — | — | — | — | ||
General Ward | 2.90 | 1.65, 5.53 | < 0.001 | 2.21 | 1.16, 4.20 | 0.016 |
Operating Theater | 9.11 | 5.25, 17.2 | < 0.001 | 4.80 | 2.46, 9.35 | < 0.001 |
High Dependency Unit | 13.1 | 6.78, 26.5 | < 0.001 | 5.46 | 2.56, 11.7 | < 0.001 |
Critical Care Unit | 11.7 | 6.75, 22.0 | < 0.001 | 4.67 | 2.23, 9.78 | < 0.001 |
Respiratory rate | ||||||
10–29 | — | — | — | — | ||
>29 | 2.11 | 1.25, 3.37 | 0.003 | 1.24 | 0.73, 2.10 | 0.4 |
6–92 | 0.00 | 0.00, 17.9 | 0.97 | - | - | - |
1–5 | 1.12 | 0.06, 5.58 | 0.91 | 0.57 | 0.06, 5.21 | 0.6 |
02 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Missing | 1.49 | 0.80, 2.56 | 0.18 | 1.00 | 0.40, 2.48 | > 0.9 |
Systolic blood pressure | ||||||
>89 | — | — | — | — | ||
76–89 | 2.40 | 1.10, 4.62 | 0.016 | 1.26 | 0.59, 2.68 | 0.5 |
50–75 | 4.05 | 1.62, 8.82 | 0.001 | 1.95 | 0.77, 4.95 | 0.2 |
1-492 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
02 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Missing2 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Glasgow Coma Scale | ||||||
13–15 | — | — | — | — | ||
9–12 | 1.77 | 1.06, 2.78 | 0.020 | 0.92 | 0.54, 1.56 | 0.8 |
3–8 | 1.45 | 0.86, 2.29 | 0.14 | 0.76 | 0.39, 1.47 | 0.4 |
Missing | 1.21 | 0.61, 2.15 | 0.56 | 0.39 | 0.15, 1.05 | 0.063 |
Working hours | ||||||
Yes | — | — | — | — | ||
No | 1.04 | 0.82, 1.33 | 0.73 | 1.05 | 0.81, 1.35 | 0.7 |
Weekend | ||||||
Yes | — | — | — | — | ||
No | 1.05 | 0.82, 1.35 | 0.73 | 1.07 | 0.82, 1.40 | 0.6 |
Injury Severity Score | ||||||
Mild < 9 | — | — | — | — | ||
Moderate 9–15 | 3.32 | 2.32, 4.80 | < 0.001 | 2.03 | 1.36, 3.03 | < 0.001 |
Severe 16–25 | 9.71 | 6.83, 14.0 | < 0.001 | 5.15 | 3.39, 7.82 | < 0.001 |
Profound > 25 | 9.51 | 6.53, 14.0 | < 0.001 | 5.54 | 3.43, 8.96 | < 0.001 |
Time to first CT | ||||||
0–30 | — | — | — | — | ||
No CT | 0.95 | 0.59, 1.47 | 0.81 | 0.81 | 0.50, 1.32 | 0.4 |
31–60 | 1.57 | 1.16, 2.13 | 0.003 | 1.53 | 1.11, 2.10 | 0.009 |
61–90 | 1.46 | 0.98, 2.13 | 0.057 | 2.44 | 1.60, 3.72 | < 0.001 |
>90 | 1.37 | 0.98, 1.92 | 0.065 | 1.60 | 1.11, 2.31 | 0.012 |
Survival after 30 days | ||||||
Alive | — | — | — | — | ||
Dead | 1.31 | 0.74, 2.18 | 0.32 | 0.66 | 0.36, 1.20 | 0.2 |