Table 2 Association between hospital-level ICP monitoring utilization and favorable functional outcome
Variables | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | |
Higher hospital-level ICP monitoring utilization | 2.36 (1.17–4.76) | 0.016 | 2.30 (1.07–4.92) | 0.033 |
Age, per year | 0.94 (0.93–0.96) | < 0.001 | 0.93 (0.92–0.95) | < 0.001 |
Glasgow Coma Scale Motor score, per point | 1.50 (1.25–1.80) | < 0.001 | 1.40 (1.16–1.69) | < 0.001 |
Pupillary reflex | ||||
None | Reference | – | Reference | – |
One | 5.27 (2.11–13.20) | < 0.001 | 4.53 (1.72–11.90) | 0.002 |
Both | 10.00 (4.19–24.00) | < 0.001 | 7.28 (2.86–18.50) | < 0.001 |
Hypotension on admission | – | – | 0.29 (0.09–0.96) | 0.042 |
Marshall CT classification | – | – | ||
Diffuse injury I | – | – | Reference | – |
Diffuse injury II | – | – | 0.16 (0.00–5.12) | 0.300 |
Diffuse injury III | – | – | 0.05 (0.00–1.80) | 0.100 |
Diffuse injury IV | – | – | 0.10 (0.00–4.37) | 0.230 |
Evacuated mass | – | – | 0.10 (0.00–3.08) | 0.190 |
Non-evacuated mass | – | – | 0.12 (0.00–3.76) | 0.220 |
Injury Severity Score, per point | – | – | 0.95 (0.93–0.98) | < 0.001 |
Treatment at university hospitals | – | – | 0.97 (0.55–1.69) | 0.902 |