Table 1 Clinical features of the 151 SE cases
From: Treatment delay in status epilepticus – more effective prehospital symptom recognition warranted
N | % | |
|---|---|---|
Scene of SE onset | ||
Home, with someone else | 63 | 41.7 |
Healthcare unit | 31 | 20.5 |
Public place | 23 | 15.2 |
Nursing home | 20 | 13.2 |
Home, alone | 12 | 7.9 |
Prison | 2 | 1.3 |
Seizure etiology | ||
Acute symptomatic | 57 | 37.7 |
Alcohol withdrawal | 26 | 17.2 |
Drug withdrawal | 18 | 11.9 |
Cerebrovascular accident | 6 | 4.0 |
CNS infection | 3 | 2.0 |
Drug toxicity | 2 | 1.3 |
Metabolic insult | 1 | 0.7 |
Head trauma | 1 | 0.7 |
Unknown | 39 | 25.8 |
Epilepsy with unknown or genetic etiology | 24 | 15.9 |
Unknown | 15 | 9.9 |
Remote symptomatic | 38 | 25.2 |
Previous cerebrovascular accident | 24 | 15.9 |
Previous brain injury | 6 | 4.0 |
CNS anomaly | 4 | 2.6 |
Previous brain surgery | 2 | 1.3 |
Previous CNS infection | 2 | 1.3 |
Progressive symptomatic | 17 | 11.3 |
Degenerative brain disease | 9 | 6.0 |
Brain tumor | 8 | 5.3 |
Seizure type before treatment | ||
Tonic-clonic | 105 | 69.5 |
Focal, impaired awareness | 22 | 14.6 |
Focal, aware | 15 | 9.9 |
Nonconvulsive comatose | 5 | 3.3 |
Absence | 2 | 1.3 |
Myoclonic | 2 | 1.3 |
SE recognition | ||
In prehospital setting | 90 | 59.6 |
Paramedic | 68 | 45.0 |
GP | 11 | 7.3 |
Caretaker | 6 | 4.0 |
EMS physician | 5 | 3.3 |
In hospital | 61 | 40.4 |
ED neurologist | 56 | 37.1 |
ED neurologist/clinical neurophysiologist (EEG diagnosis) | 5 | 3.3 |
Means of transportation after onset of SE | ||
Ambulance | 133 | 88.1 |
Already admitted to ED | 10 | 6.6 |
Private car | 5 | 3.3 |
Helicopter | 3 | 2.0 |
Health care unit where first treated | ||
Kuopio University Hospital | 124 | 82.1 |
Community health center (no neurologist on call) | 21 | 13.9 |
Regional hospital (no neurologist on call) | 6 | 4.0 |