SJTREM is the official publication of the Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation
Articles
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Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20(Suppl 1):I4
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The pre-hospital care conference
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20(Suppl 1):I3 -
Indicators of the need for ICU admission following suicide bombing attacks
Critical hospital resources, especially the demand for ICU beds, are usually limited following mass casualty incidents such as suicide bombing attacks (SBA). Our primary objective was to identify easily diagno...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:19 -
Portable bedside ultrasound: the visual stethoscope of the 21st century
Over the past decade technological advances in the realm of ultrasound have allowed what was once a cumbersome and large machine to become essentially hand-held. This coupled with a greater understanding of lu...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:18 -
The rewarming benefit of anterior torso heat pad application in mildly hypothermic conscious adult trauma patients remains inconclusive
The rewarming benefit of anterior torso heat pad application in mildly hypothermic conscious adult trauma patients remains inconclusive in this randomized comparative clinical trial. There was no between-group...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:17 -
Effect of feedback on delaying deterioration in quality of compressions during 2 minutes of continuous chest compressions: a randomized manikin study investigating performance with and without feedback
Good quality basic life support (BLS) improves outcome following cardiac arrest. As BLS performance deteriorates over time we performed a parallel group, superiority study to investigate the effect of feedback...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:16 -
Early and individualized goal-directed therapy for trauma-induced coagulopathy
Severe trauma-related bleeding is associated with high mortality. Standard coagulation tests provide limited information on the underlying coagulation disorder. Whole-blood viscoelastic tests such as rotationa...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:15 -
Hospital incident command system (HICS) performance in Iran; decision making during disasters
Hospitals are cornerstones for health care in a community and must continue to function in the face of a disaster. The Hospital Incident Command System (HICS) is a method by which the hospital operates when an...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:14 -
Prehospital trauma care reduces mortality. Ten-year results from a time-cohort and trauma audit study in Iraq
Blunt implementation of Western trauma system models is not feasible in low-resource communities with long prehospital transit times. The aims of the study were to evaluate to which extent a low-cost prehospit...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:13 -
Critical care management of severe traumatic brain injury in adults
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major medical and socio-economic problem, and is the leading cause of death in children and young adults. The critical care management of severe TBI is largely derived from th...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:12 -
Differences and discrepancies between 2005 and 2008 Abbreviated Injury Scale versions - time to standardise
The aim of this letter is to facilitate the standardisation of Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) codesets used to code injuries in trauma registries. We have compiled a definitive list of the changes which have b...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:11 -
Evaluation of performance of two different chest tubes with either a sharp or a blunt tip for thoracostomy in 100 human cadavers
Emergent placement of a chest tube is a potentially life-saving procedure, but rate of misplacement and organ injury is up to 30%. In principle, chest tube insertion can be performed by using Trocar or Non-tro...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:10 -
The development of simple survival prediction models for blunt trauma victims treated at Asian emergency centers
For real-time assessment of the probability of survival (Ps) of blunt trauma victims at emergency centers, this study aimed to establish regression models for estimating Ps using simplified coefficients.
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:9 -
An artificial neural network to safely reduce the number of ambulance ECGs transmitted for physician assessment in a system with prehospital detection of ST elevation myocardial infarction
Pre-hospital electrocardiogram (ECG) transmission to an expert for interpretation and triage reduces time to acute percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST elevation Myocardial Infarction (...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:8 -
Temporal differences in gamma-hydroxybutyrate overdoses involving injecting drug users versus recreational drug users in Helsinki: a retrospective study
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) have been profiled as 'party drugs' used mainly at dance parties and in nightclubs on weekend nights. The purpose of this study was to examine the freq...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:7 -
Serial measurement of neuron specific enolase improves prognostication in cardiac arrest patients treated with hypothermia: A prospective study
Neuron specific enolase (NSE) has repeatedly been evaluated for neurological prognostication in patients after cardiac arrest. However, it is unclear whether current guidelines for NSE cutoff levels also apply...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:6 -
Implementation of recommended trauma system criteria in south-eastern Norway: a cross-sectional hospital survey
Formalized trauma systems have shown beneficial effects on patient survival and have harvested great recognition among health care professionals. In spite of this, the implementation of trauma systems is chall...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:5 -
The shootings in Oslo and Utøya island July 22, 2011: Lessons for the International EMS community
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:4 -
Oslo government district bombing and Utøya island shooting July 22, 2011: The immediate prehospital emergency medical service response
On July 22, 2011, a single perpetrator killed 77 people in a car bomb attack and a shooting spree incident in Norway. This article describes the emergency medical service (EMS) response elicited by the two inc...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:3 -
Intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures in polytraumatized patients. a longitudinal, prospective and observational study of the procedure-related impact on cardiopulmonary- and inflammatory responses
Early intramedullary nailing (IMN) of long bone fractures in severely injured patients has been evaluated as beneficial, but has also been associated with increased inflammation, multi organ failure (MOF) and ...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:2 -
Outpatient treatment of acute poisonings in Oslo: poisoning pattern, factors associated with hospitalization, and mortality
Most patients with acute poisoning are treated as outpatients worldwide. In Oslo, these patients are treated in a physician-led outpatient clinic with limited diagnostic and treatment resources, which reduces ...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2012 20:1 -
Blood lactate as a predictor for in-hospital mortality in patients admitted acutely to hospital: a systematic review
Using blood lactate monitoring for risk assessment in the critically ill patient remains controversial. Some of the discrepancy is due to uncertainty regarding the appropriate reference interval, and whether t...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:74 -
Association between a single-pass whole-body computed tomography policy and survival after blunt major trauma: a retrospective cohort study
Single-pass, whole-body computed tomography (pan-scan) remains a controversial intervention in the early assessment of patients with major trauma. We hypothesized that a liberal pan-scan policy is mainly an in...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:73 -
Swedish emergency department triage and interventions for improved patient flows: a national update
In Scandinavia, emergency department triage and patient flow processes, are under development. In Sweden, the triage development has resulted in two new triage scales, the Adaptive Process Triage and the Medic...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:72 -
A consensus-based template for documenting and reporting in physician-staffed pre-hospital services
Physician-staffed pre-hospital units are employed in many Western emergency medical services (EMS) systems. Although these services usually integrate well within their EMS, little is known about the quality of...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:71 -
Team behaviors in emergency care: a qualitative study using behavior analysis of what makes team work
Teamwork has been suggested as a promising approach to improving care processes in emergency departments (ED). However, for teamwork to yield expected results, implementation must involve behavior changes. The...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:70 -
Burn Resuscitation
Fluid resuscitation following burn injury must support organ perfusion with the least amount of fluid necessary and the least physiological cost. Under resuscitation may lead to organ failure and death. With a...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:69 -
The validity of the canadian triage and acuity scale in predicting resource utilization and the need for immediate life-saving interventions in elderly emergency department patients
We evaluated the validity of the Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS) in elderly emergency department (ED) patients. In particular, we examined the sensitivity and specificity of the CTAS for identifying el...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:68 -
Effects of a radiation dose reduction strategy for computed tomography in severely injured trauma patients in the emergency department: an observational study
Severely injured trauma patients are exposed to clinically significant radiation doses from computed tomography (CT) imaging in the emergency department. Moreover, this radiation exposure is associated with an...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:67 -
Esophageal perforation: diagnostic work-up and clinical decision-making in the first 24 hours
Esophageal perforation is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition. Early clinical suspicion and imaging is important for case management to achieve a good outcome. However, recent studies continue to...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:66 -
Efficacy of the EZ-IO® needle driver for out-of-hospital intraosseous access - a preliminary, observational, multicenter study
Intraosseous (IO) access represents a reliable alternative to intravenous vascular access and is explicitly recommended in the current guidelines of the European Resuscitation Council when intravenous access i...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:65 -
Thrombelastography and biomarker profiles in acute coagulopathy of trauma: a prospective study
Severe injury induces an acute coagulopathy associated with increased mortality. This study compared the Thrombelastography (TEG) and biomarker profiles upon admission in trauma patients.
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:64 -
Survival following a vertical free fall from 300 feet: The crucial role of body position to impact surface
We report the case of a 28-year old rock climber who survived an "unsurvivable" injury consisting of a vertical free fall from 300 feet onto a solid rock surface. The trauma mechanism and injury kinetics are a...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:63 -
Trauma research in low- and middle-income countries is urgently needed to strengthen the chain of survival
Trauma is a major - and increasing - cause of death, especially in low- and middle income countries. In all countries rural areas are especially hard hit, and the distribution of physicians is skewed towards c...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:62 -
Trauma admissions to the Intensive care unit at a reference hospital in Northwestern Tanzania
Major trauma has been reported to be a major cause of hospitalization and intensive care utilization worldwide and consumes a significant amount of the health care budget. The aim of this study was to describe...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:61 -
Laypersons can successfully place supraglottic airways with 3 minutes of training. A comparison of four different devices in the manikin
Supraglottic airway devices have frequently been shown to facilitate airway management and are implemented in the ILCOR resuscitation algorithm. Limited data exists concerning laypersons without any medical or...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:60 -
The effect of active warming in prehospital trauma care during road and air ambulance transportation - a clinical randomized trial
Prevention and treatment of hypothermia by active warming in prehospital trauma care is recommended but scientifical evidence of its effectiveness in a clinical setting is scarce. The objective of this study w...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:59 -
The effect of real-time CPR feedback and post event debriefing on patient and processes focused outcomes: A cohort study: trial protocol
Cardiac arrest affects 30-35, 000 hospitalised patients in the UK every year. For these patients to be given the best chance of survival, high quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) must be delivered, how...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:58 -
The top five research priorities in physician-provided pre-hospital critical care: a consensus report from a European research collaboration
Physician-manned emergency medical teams supplement other emergency medical services in some countries. These teams are often selectively deployed to patients who are considered likely to require critical care...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:57 -
Feasibility of written instructions in airway management training of laryngeal tube
Airway management is of essential importance in emergency care. Training and skill retention of endotracheal intubation (ETI) - the technique considered as the "gold standard" -, poses a problem especially amo...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:56 -
In-hospital resuscitation evaluated by in situ simulation: a prospective simulation study
Interruption in chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation can be characterized as no flow ratio (NFR) and the importance of minimizing these pauses in chest compression has been highlighted recen...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:55 -
Norwegian trauma team leaders - training and experience: A national point prevalence study
The treatment of trauma victims is a complex multi-professional task in a stressful environment. We previously found that trauma team members perceive leadership as the most important human factor. The aim of ...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:54 -
Implementation of checklists in health care; learning from high-reliability organisations
Checklists are common in some medical fields, including surgery, intensive care and emergency medicine. They can be an effective tool to improve care processes and reduce mortality and morbidity. Despite the s...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:53 -
Reduced clot strength upon admission, evaluated by thrombelastography (TEG), in trauma patients is independently associated with increased 30-day mortality
Exsanguination due to uncontrolled bleeding is the leading cause of potentially preventable deaths among trauma patients. About one third of trauma patients present with coagulopathy on admission, which is ass...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:52 -
A national survey on temporary and delayed abdominal closure in Norwegian hospitals
Temporary abdominal closure (TAC) is included in most published damage control (DC) and abdominal compartment (ACS) protocols. TAC is associated with a range of complications and the optimal method remains to ...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:51 -
The appropriateness of single page of activation of the cardiac catheterization laboratory by emergency physician for patients with suspected ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a cohort study
The early use of reperfusion therapy has a significant effect on the prognosis of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and it is recommended that emergency department (ED) physicia...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:50 -
Point of care technology or standard laboratory service in an emergency department: is there a difference in time to action? A randomised trial
Emergency Departments (ED) have a high flow of patients and time is often crucial. New technologies for laboratory analysis have been developed, including Point of Care Technologies (POCT), which can reduce th...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:49 -
Understanding of and adherence to advice after telephone counselling by nurse: a survey among callers to a primary emergency out-of-hours service in Norway
To investigate how callers understand the information given by telephone by registered nurses in a casualty clinic, to what degree the advice was followed, and the final outcome of the condition for the patients.
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:48 -
Acute referral of patients from general practitioners: should the hospital doctor or a nurse receive the call?
Surprisingly little is known about the most efficient organization of admissions to an emergency hospital. It is important to know, who should be in front when the GP requests an acute admission. The aim of th...
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:47 -
Decay in chest compression quality due to fatigue is rare during prolonged advanced life support in a manikin model
The aim of this study was to measure chest compression decay during simulated advanced life support (ALS) in a cardiac arrest manikin model.
Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:46
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