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Table 4 External validations of multimodal TOR rules for predicting death prior to discharge (n = 170)

From: External validation of multimodal termination of resuscitation rules for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients in the COVID-19 era

TOR rules

Death

Survival

Sensitivity

(95% CI)

Specificity

(95% CI)

FPV

(95% CI)

PPV

(95% CI)

NPV

(95% CI)

Before arriving at the ED

 International BLS-TOR

met all criteria

121

1

74.2%

85.7%

0.8%

99.2%

12.5%

did not fulfill

42

6

(66.7–80.6)

(42.0–99.2)

(0.04–5.2)

(84.8–99.9)

(5.2–25.9)

 Goto’s rule

met all criteria

58

0

35.6%

100%

0%

100%

6.3%

did not fulfill

105

7

(28.4–43.5)

(56.1–100)

(0–7.7)

(92.3–100)

(2.8–12.9)

 KoCARC TOR rule I

met all criteria

93

0

57.1%

100%

0%

100%

9.1%

did not fulfill

70

7

(49.1–64.7)

(56.1–100)

(0–4.9)

(95.1–100)

(4.0–18.4)

 KoCARC TOR rule II

met all criteria

97

1

56.5%

85.7%

1.0%

98.9%

8.3%

did not fulfill

66

6

(51.5–67.0)

(42.0–99.2)

(0.05–6.4)

(93.6–99.9)

(3.4–17.9)

 KoCARC TOR rule III

met all criteria

78

0

47.9%

100%

0%

100%

7.6%

did not fulfill

85

7

(40.0–55.8)

(56.1–100)

(0–5.8)

(94.2–100)

(3.4–15.6)

 New TOR Model 1

met all criteria

35

0

21.5%

100%

0%

100%

5.2%

did not fulfill

128

7

(15.6–28.7)

(56.1–100)

(0–12.3)

(87.7–100)

(2.3–10.8)

After ED arrival

 International ALS TOR

met all criteria

23

0

14.1%

100%

0

100%

4.8%

did not fulfill

140

7

(9.3–20.6)

(56.1–100)

(0–17.8)

(82.2–100)

(2.1–9.9)

 SOS-KANTO’s rule

met all criteria

33

0

20.2%

100%

0%

100%

5.2%

did not fulfill

130

7

(14.5–27.4)

(56.1–100)

(0–12.9)

(87.0–100)

(2.3–10.6)

 New TOR Model 2

met all criteria

45

0

27.6%

100%

0%

100%

5.6%

did not fulfill

118

7

(21.0–35.2)

(56.1–100)

(0–9.7)

(90.2–100)

(2.4–11.6)

  1. ALS advanced life support, BLS-TOR basic life support and termination of resuscitation, CI confidence interval, ED emergency department, FPV false positive value, KoCARC Korean Cardiac Arrest Research Consortium in 2015–2017; NPV negative predictive value, PPV positive predictive value, SOS-KANTO survey of survivors after cardiac arrest conducted in the Kanto area in 2012 (2017)