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Table 3 Proportions (%) of patients with the most frequent symptom codes for dispatching among the patients with and without each secondary outcome. I.e. 39.3% of patients requiring PICU admission and 27.3% of patients not requiring PICU admission had “Dyspnea” as symptom code. Comparisons between the proportions with and without were made using Fisher’s test

From: Why do infants need out-of-hospital emergency medical services? A retrospective, population-based study

 

“Urgent dispatch before symptom specific code known”

“Dyspnea”

“Fall low energy”

“Choking”

“Seizure”

“Slow deterioration of medical state”

“Allergic reaction”

% of all (N = 28) patients with PICU admissions

21.4%

39.3%

0.0%

6%

7.1%

0.0%

0.0%

% of all (N = 1682) patients without PICU admission

5.0%

27.3%

19.0%

8.6%

6.8%

6.9%

4.2%

 

P < 0.01

P = 0.02

P = 0.01

P = 0.51

P = 0.72

P = 0.25

P = 0.63

% of all (N = 91) patients with medical state other than good upon arrival at ED

8%

42.9%

4.4%

1.1%

15.4%

2.2%

4.4%

% of all (N = 1619) patients with medical state good upon arrival at ED or ED care not required

5.1%

26.7%

19.6%

8.8%

6.4%

7.1%

4.1%

 

P = 0.14

P < 0.01

P < 0.01

P < 0.01

P < 0.01

P = 0.08

P = 0.79

% of all (N = 386) patients with any medication or respiratory support given at ED

7.0%

38.3%

6.2%

1.3%

13.2%

7.0%

7.5%

% of all (N = 1324) patients without any medication or respiratory support given at ED

4.8%

24.3%

22.4%

10.6%

5.0%

6.8%

3.2%

 

P = 0.09

P < 0.01

P < 0.01

P < 0.01

P < 0.01

P = 0.91

P < 0.01

% of all (N = 336) patients with hospitalizationa

11.6%

36.3%

6.8%

3.3%

14.0%

3.6%

2.4%

% of all (N = 1363) patients without hospitalizationa

3.7%

25.3%

21.6%

9.8%

5.1%

7.6%

4.6%

 

P < 0.01

P < 0.01

P < 0.01

P < 0.01

P < 0.01

P = 0.01

P = 0.07

% of all (N = 18) patients with surgical proceduresb

during the same visita

5.6%

5.6%

0.0%

38.9%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

% of all (N = 1692) patients without surgical proceduresb

during the same visita

5.3%

27.7%

18.9%

8.1%

6.9%

6.9%

4.2%

 

P = 1.00

P = 0.03

P = 0.03

P < 0.01

P = 0.63

P = 0.63

P = 1.00

  1. ED Emergency department, PICU Pediatric intensive care unit, EMS Emergency medical services
  2. a During the same hospital visit beginning within 72 h after the initial EMS contact
  3. b Excluding minor procedures performed at the ED, e.g. insertion of a nasogastric tube