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Table 1 Patient Characteristics

From: Emergency department length of stay for patients requiring mechanical ventilation: a prospective observational study

 

MV only (n = 484)

NIV only (n = 118)

Both (n = 16)

Age, median (IQR)

58 (41–76)

76 (64–84)

72 (62–81)

Male gender

307 (63.4)

64 (54.2)

8 (50.0)

CTAS codesa

   

1

326 (67.4)

22 (18.6)

5 (31.3)

2

139 (28.7)

87 (73.7)

11 (68.8)

3

19 (3.9)

7 (5.9)

Not reported

2 (1.7)

Reason for mechanical ventilation

   

Trauma with head injury

123 (25.4)

2 (1.7)

Primary neurologic disorder

80 (16.5)

2 (1.7)

1 (6.3)

Cardiac/respiratory arrest

61 (12.6)

1 (6.3)

Trauma (not including head)

43 (8.9)

Overdose

40 (8.3)

1 (0.8)

Pneumonia

34 (7.0)

12 (10.2)

2 (12.5)

Acute respiratory failureb

34 (7.0)

19 (16.1)

1 (6.3)

Heart failure

12 (2.5)

45 (38.1)

4 (25.0)

Sepsis and septic shock

29 (6.0)

2 (12.5)

COPD exacerbation

7 (1.4)

35 (29.7)

4 (25.0)

NMD

4 (0.8)

1 (6.3)

Asthma

1 (0.2)

2 (1.7)

Other

16 (3.3)

  1. All values are n (%) unless indicated.
  2. CTAS = Canadian triage and acuity scale, COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, NMD = neuromuscular disease, MV = mechanical ventilation (invasive), NIV = non-invasive ventilation.
  3. aCTAS score of 1 represents a patient requiring immediate assessment and intervention, CTAS 2 patients have a maximal wait time for assessment by a physician of 15 min, and patients triaged as CTAS 3 require assessment within 30 min.[11].
  4. bExcludes patients with pneumonia, COPD exacerbation and asthma.