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Table 5 Cases of failed or complicated pre-hospital endotracheal intubation (ETI)

From: Pre-hospital intubation by anaesthesiologists in patients with severe trauma: an audit of a Norwegian helicopter emergency medical service

Case

ETI Successful

Type of injury

NACA

CGS

RTS

Outcome

Oesophageal intubation

Yes

Blunt

6

3

3.51

Dead < 24 h

Bleeding

No

Blunt

6

3

2.78

Dead < 24 h

> 2 ETI attempts

Yes

Blunt

6

5

5.03

Alive at discharge

Emergency tracheotomy

No

Burns with facial laceration

6

3

0.58

Dead < 24 h

Naso-tracheal intubation

Yes

Blunt

7

3

0.00

Dead on scene

  1. NACA: National Committee on Aeronautics Severity of Injury or Illness Index
  2. GCS: Glasgow coma score, RTS: revised trauma score.