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Table 4 Comparison of demographic and clinical characteristics of overall patients.

From: Low central venous saturation predicts poor outcome in patients with brain injury after major trauma: a prospective observational study

 

Overall patients

 
 

ScvO2 ≤ 65%

ScvO2 > 65%

P

Number

32

89

0.002

Age (years)

54.5 ± 18.3

42.2 ± 18.8*

0.491

Male sex, % (N)

71.9% (23)

79.8% (71)

0.018

ISS score

36.1 ± 10.3

30.5 ± 11.5*

0.016

AIS score§

13 ± 11,5

10 ± 9*

0.324

Head/Neck

3 ± 1

3 ± 1

0.674

Face

2 ± 1

2 ± 1

0.625

Chest

3 ± 1

2.5 ± 1

0.38

Abdominal

1 ± 1

1 ± 1

< 0.001

Extremity

2 ± 1

1 ± 1*

0.362

External

1 ± 1

1 ± 1

0.002

SAPS II score

51.1 ± 15.0

41.6 ± 14.5*

0.001

GCS score

5.7 ± 2.7

7.8 ± 3.0*

0.109

Marshall Score§

2.5 ± 2

2 ± 2

< 0.001

ScvO2. %

59% ± 5

74% ± 6*

0.078

Lactate (mmol/l)

4.5 ± 2.4

3.7 ± 2.9

0.127

HR (beats/min)

113 ± 21

109 ± 27

0.211

MAP (mmHg)

78 ± 14

82 ± 13

0.344

CVP (mmHg)

11 ± 3

11 ± 2

< 0.001

ICU LOS (days)

28.5 ± 15.2

16.6 ± 13.8*

0.046

Hospital LOS (days)

45.1 ± 20.8

33.2 ± 24*

0.034

28-days mortality, % (N)

31.3% (10)

13.5% (12)*

0.017

Total intra-ICU mortality, % (N)

34.4% (11)

13.5% (12)*

0.010

Total intra-hospital mortality, % (N)

37.5% (12)

14.6% (13)*

0.002

  1. Subgroups analysis was based on the ScvO2 values (≤ 65% vs > 65%) measured during the first 24 hours from trauma event. ScvO2 level was the worst value measured for at least 15 minutes during the first 24 hours after trauma. Lactate concentration was the worst value measured during the first 24 hours after trauma. ICU LOS and hospital LOS have been calculated on patients discharged alive from ICU and from hospital, respectively. Total intra-ICU mortality included one patient died in ICU after readmission.
  2. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Percent data are referred to the total population of each group.
  3. Statistical analysis: two-tails Student's t-test, two-sides Fisher's exact test. P-values were considered significant if less than 0.05 (*).
  4. ISS: Injury Severity Score; AIS: Abbreviate Injury Scale; SAPS: Simplified Acute Physiology Score; GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale; ScvO2: central venous oxygen saturation; HR: heart rate; MAP: mean arterial pressure; CVP: central venous pressure.
  5. § Median ± interquartile range